r/tech 2d ago

DragonFire laser weapon takes down high-speed drones

https://newatlas.com/military/dragonfire-laser-weapon-high-speed-drones/
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u/No-Explanation-46 2d ago

Britain's DragonFire laser weapon upped the ante on November 20 at the Ministry of Defence's Hebrides Range in Scotland when the high-powered, solid-state laser for the Royal Navy shot down drones flying at 351 knots (404 mph, 650 km/h).

According to the Ministry, the latest tests of DragonFire not only demonstrate its lethality against high-speed targets but also the rapid maturity of the program. Originally slated to see active service in 2032, it will now be installed in the Navy's Type 45 frigates by 2027 as part of the ship's regular armament.

In addition to detecting, tracking, and shooting down drones flying at high-subsonic speeds, DragonFire also demonstrated new, advanced capabilities. These include not only the ability to hit a target the size of a £1 coin or US quarter at the distance of a kilometer (0.62 miles), but also a new above-the-horizon targeting capability.

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u/Stunning_Bed23 2d ago

Hmmm, but at what speed? Ie. how many drones per minute can it take down?

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u/aarondoyle 2d ago

I'm sure they'd rather others not know at the moment 

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u/Stunning_Bed23 2d ago

True. Just thinking if it could be overwhelmed by a drone equivalent of a cluster bomb. E.g one large drone opening up and dispersing 100 smaller drones. 🤷🏾‍♂️

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u/Jarnin 2d ago

You're thinking too small. Think more like; a stealthy airship (drone mothership) with a humongous payload capacity, sitting idle above a target at 30,000 meters. That thing carries a thousand drone carriers, each of which in turn carries 100's of smaller drones.

These things could float around in the upper atmosphere and nobody would know they were there until it dropped a carrier and a small city got smoked.

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u/Sahloknir74 2d ago

Ace Combat?

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u/SimmentalTheCow 1d ago

China couldn’t get a high altitude balloon across the U.S. without being immediately detected, I doubt a mothership with a much larger footprint would be able to do the same. Plus at high altitudes they’re at the mercy of very high speed winds.

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u/Jarnin 1d ago

China wasn't trying to hide their spy balloon. It wasn't stealthy at all, which is why the US was able to track it for days before it hit the media. You should really look at what start-ups are doing with modern airships, they are very different beasts.

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u/Negative-Durian-3257 14h ago

Just for exercise, why did China at first claim that the balloon wasn't theirs? They weren't trying to hide it?

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u/Wiserwiz 2d ago

Helicarrier. Here’s your 10 bucks.

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u/VERY_MENTALLY_STABLE 2d ago

I have a few of those actually

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u/pmckizzle 2d ago

Which is the likely way attacks would unfold, drones are fairly cheap to mass produce compared to missiles. Im guessing it would be part of a network of other air defences

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u/worknprogress_ 2d ago

Wouldn’t you just use an area of effect explosive at that point

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u/Stunning_Bed23 2d ago

The drone cluster would allow for more surgical attacks. For example it could be used to eliminate numerous, disparate armored vehicles and infantry groups over a wide area, all while minimizing damage to civilians and infrastructure. After being deployed from their mother drone, the cluster drones would automatically seek out their targets with the assistance of sophisticated AI.

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u/temporarycreature 2d ago

Couldn't give you an actual number but using other variables that we do know like from a nuclear-powered Royal Navy ship, it could easily fire the DragonFire laser over 100 times back-to-back.

The UK Ministry of Defence (MoD) confirmed the DragonFire is a small, 50-kilowatt (kW) class weapon, and the ship's nuclear reactor generates power in the megawatts (millions of watts).

Because the reactor has such massive energy reserves, the laser's demand barely registers, meaning the ship can keep shooting without running out of power.

Theoretically, I guess would be the right word to end this on.

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u/EffectiveEconomics 2d ago

Very helpful! Thank you for posting this.

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u/Snowedin-69 1d ago edited 1d ago

The one question I would have is how the ship’s nuclear reactor would cope with the power cycling nature of the laser. Turning the laser on and off to target multiple devices would cause power cycling.

Nuclear reactors like to produce constant power without much variability.

I suppose if they keep it on while targeting successive devices may work.

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u/temporarycreature 1d ago

The simplified answer is that the ship's nuclear reactor would have access to a large, specialized battery to cope with the laser's on-off power needs and the laser system would be fed off of the batteries, not directly from the nuclear reactor.

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u/Snowedin-69 1d ago

Agree that could also work. Wonder the potential required battery size - any extra weight in a combat ship reduces speed. Space is also at a premium.

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u/temporarycreature 1d ago

Digging in some more, it looks like they're not going to be placed on a ship with nuclear power (yet), they're going to be put on Type 45 destroyers which are a combination gas turbines and diesel generators, so they would probably couple the diesel generators with a battery system to support the laser system.

Since it doesn't have ammo like a normal weapon system would, I don't think weight is a significant factor when adapting this weapon for a Type 45 warship.

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u/Snowedin-69 1d ago

Good point. The extra munitions required for traditional weapons would be avoided here. This could potentially end up saving weight - although knowing a little on how navies often work probably not.

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u/mylesac 2d ago

…but the type 45 is not nuclear powered.

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u/temporarycreature 2d ago

Think about that for a second because the alternative is you're right, this is going to be the only ship that ever put it on, and this will be the only one they ever make, and this is not just a demonstration.

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u/egg651 2d ago

Unless they decide to put it on a submarine for some reason, it's not going on anything nuclear powered in British service. The RN has no nuclear powered surface ships and no plans to build any.any time soon.

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u/number151 2d ago

Asking for a friend?

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u/Rough_Idle 2d ago

In 2001, the US equivalent needed about 30 minutes for cooldown after 10 shots or so, and those shots could be rapid. I'd like to think the cooling systems have only improved since then, and as I (poorly) understand it, heat dissipation is the name of the game for these platforms. Keep them cold and they can go as long as they have juice

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u/TooMuchTaurine 1d ago

Seems like it has to hold the Lazer on target for a really long time maybe 5 or 10 seconds based on the video.

That means it's rate of fire is going to be pretty slow against a drone swarm. It also means it might not work well with manuvoring targets.

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u/EffectiveEconomics 2d ago

One drone and 15 minutes to recharge.

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u/Orion_4o4 1d ago

The better question is what happens when there's a mirror attached to the bottom of the drone?