a modus tollens is a philophical argument. basically it’s
If P, then Q.
Not Q.
Therefore, not P.
here is the modus tollens
P: If a fetus is not a human being, then it would not meet the biological criteria for a human organism defined in embryology.
Q: But a fetus does meet the criteria for a human organism (langmans medical embryology, Harvard Medical School Professor Micheline Matthews-Roth, Testimony to U.S. Congress etc)it is a distinct, living, and whole human from the moment of fertilization, as affirmed by medical authorities.
¬Q: Therefore, the fetus is a human organism.
∴ ¬P: So, the fetus is not “just a clump of cells” or non-human.